Real Estate Agents

Q1: Who can be a developer?
Q2: Do I need a license to become an estate agent?
Q3: According to the law, when is a commission payable to me?
Q4: Can I recover any expenses which I have incurred in bringing in a Buyer or Tenant?
Q5: Am I entitled to any commission if the buyer fails to exercise the Option to Purchase?
Q6: Am I entitled to my commission if the Seller (my client) defaults in carrying out the Option to Purchase?
Q7: Am I entitled to a commission if the Tenant whom I introduced to the Owner, later decides to buy the property instead?
Q8: If a Tenant introduced by me renews his tenancy, am I entitled to a further commission?
Q9: If the Tenant whom I introduced to the Owner terminates his lease, am I then liable to repay the owner part of the commission?
Q10: Is it legal for me to sign an Option to Purchase or sale contract or Tenancy Agreement for my client (the Owner)?
Q11: Does the law specify a rate of commission payable to an agent?
Q1: Who can be a developer?
Any individual, group of persons, society, or company can be a housing developer if they engages in or undertakes housing development.
However, a bank or an insurance company is not included if it only lends or provides money for housing development.
Q2: Do I need a license to become an estate agent?

In time to come, all estate agents must pass the Common Examination for House Agents (CEHA). Until then, you do not need to have a license to practice as an estate agent. However, it would be advisable to join a reputable estate agency to learn the rules and regulations in property transactions. You may also contact the Institute of Estate Agents for further information on the frequent courses and seminars for estate agents.

Q3: According to the law, when is a commission payable to me?

A commission is payable to you upon the successful completion of the sale. This implies that the Seller has received the money from the Buyer, and the Buyer has become the legal owner of the property.

In the case of a tenancy situation, your commission is payable when the parties involved have signed the Tenancy Agreement, and when the Landlord has received the security deposit and one month advance rental.

Q4: Can I recover any expenses which I have incurred in bringing in a Buyer or Tenant?

No, unless there was an agreement with the owner, you have no right to ask the owner to compensate his efforts or reimburse his expenditure. These expenses are considered to be risks that all agents take in this business.

Q5: Am I entitled to any commission if the buyer fails to exercise the Option to Purchase?

Strictly speaking, you are not entitled to any commission. However, most agents would ensure that the option contract also specifies that he/she is entitled to share the forfeited deposit with the owner, should such a situation occur.

Q6: Am I entitled to my commission if the Seller (my client) defaults in carrying out the Option to Purchase?

Yes, you are entitled to your commission because the Seller is liable for wrongful default.

Q7: Am I entitled to a commission if the Tenant whom I introduced to the Owner, later decides to buy the property instead?

No, because in such a case, you are not considered the "effective cause" of the sale.

Q8: If a Tenant introduced by me renews his tenancy, am I entitled to a further commission?

No, since you are not regarded by law as the "effective cause" of the renewed tenancy. However, you are entitled to a further commission if there was a special agreement between you and the Owner from the start of the tenancy. You should make sure that such an agreement is made in writing to prevent the owner from denying his liability.

Q9: If the Tenant whom I introduced to the Owner terminates his lease, am I then liable to repay the owner part of the commission?

No. You are not liable to repay the Owner any portion of the commission which you have earned. However, some agents would repay the Owner the commission on a pro-rata basis. Sometimes, the Tenant also pays the owner for the commission paid to you.

Q10: Is it legal for me to sign an Option to Purchase or sale contract or Tenancy Agreement for my client (the Owner)?

No. Unless the Owner has assigned the Power of Attorney to you in writing, you do not have the authority to sign any Agreement for the Owner.

Q11: Does the law specify a rate of commission payable to an agent?
No, the law does not specify any rate, however the Institute of Estate Agents recommends a rate of 2% of the sale price as commission. In practice, the amount of commission is usually negotiable between the client and the agent.
For more Q&As on buying, selling and other related real estate agent topics, you may wish to visit the ERA website.
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